Saturday, July 11, 2020
Personal Essay Examples Leaving Certs - The How tos
Personal Essay Examples Leaving Certs - The How tosPersonal essay samples leaving Cert institutions are usually the last stop for prospective students as they apply to higher education programs. Of course, as with any other application, a personal essay is assessed based on its ability to express and relate to the main intent of the exam. For example, a student may focus on their ability to read, write, and speak English in an interesting and engaging way. This may be relevant, but ultimately there is still the exam's purpose of assessing a student's knowledge of the curriculum and their level of competency.In many cases, students will be required to submit more than one personal essay samples leaving Certs essay. This is due to the fact that this is the test most likely to demand a student to write in a specific style. For instance, if the exam is testing the student's writing skills in a novel format, there will likely be two separate exams to answer and the essay will likely be wr itten in the same medium.The first question that is likely to arise in the mind of a student is how to properly format their essay samples leaving Certs. One way of approaching this is to simply avoid using common abbreviations and acronyms. Instead, format it with your native language.There are several formats for writing in your native language such as the New Zealand language, Finnish, Chinese, French, German, and Spanish. These are all equally as important to know and you should always translate this into English prior to starting your essay.Another important thing to remember is that you should always select the writing method that is most similar to the subject of your exam. If you are in a chemistry exam, then avoid using a common abbreviation or chemistry jargon such as 'I'm not sure.'Make sure that the writing method you select is appropriate to the subject matter. The instructor may provide you with the guide for selecting the right essay sample leaving Certs writing metho d, so make sure to look it up prior to submitting your essay.Try to determine how many personal essay samples leaving Certs is necessary to reach the required score on the exam. Based on this, it will be easy to judge the writing style that is most effective. If you are unsure of this, just choose something similar to the subject of the exam.It is important to realize that your personal essay samples leaving Certs are judged based on their subject. Therefore, even if you use a more creative way of approaching it, your essay will be judged based on its content and therefore, you should take advantage of it and provide an engaging essay.
Wednesday, June 24, 2020
Criticism of Puritan Society Nature in Hawthornes The Scarlet Letter - Literature Essay Samples
Throughout the late 18th century and 19th century, Romanticism was a highly popular literary style adopted by many novelists. Nature, a prominent element of Romanticism, is used in these authors writings not just for descriptions and images, but also to emphasize major ideas. One gifted author influenced by Romanticism was Nathaniel Hawthorne, the creator of The Scarlet Letter. In The Scarlet Letter, Hawthorne uses nature as a romantic source for critiquing Puritan life: the harshness of its society, the unjust laws of the Puritan theocracy, and the corruption of the Puritan humanity.Hawthorne uses a strongly romantic view of nature to emphasize the Puritans harshness and lack of compassion. For instance, in the first chapter, Hawthorne describes the town as the black flower of civilized society (45). In this passage, he uses a flower, an element of nature, to symbolize the despair of the prison town. He further emphasizes this symbol by describing the prisons plot of as overgrown wi th burdock, pig-weed, apple-peru, and such unsightly vegetation (45). By representing the prison and scaffold as a gloomy place of punishment, Hawthorne foreshadows the immoral events that are soon to take place. The use of nature to symbolize the prison also establishes a dark atmosphere that sets up the scene by the scaffold, the place of punishment. During this scene, the women watching take a peculiar interest in whatever penal infliction might be expected to ensue (48). The supposedly moral Puritans are portrayed as people with no compassion for Hester, the criminal. One of the women even demands that they brand Hesters forehead with the letter A (49). These women are depicted as merciless people whose religion emphasizes Gods wrath, not Gods love. Hawthorne contrasts the prison and scaffold, the evil symbols of Puritan society, with the wild rose-bush[which] might be imagined to offer its fragrance and fragile beauty to the prisoner as he went inin token that the deep heart of Nature could pity and be kind to him (46). The rose-bush, a symbol of Nature, is a completely pure component that has not been tainted by the harshness of Puritan society. It is also used as a symbol of hope for the town, contrasting with the evil and darkness of the prison and scaffold. Hawthorne effectively uses nature to criticize Puritan society by illustrating the prison and scaffold as the embodiment of societal evil. Hawthorne purposefully uses these descriptions in the beginning of the novel to establish the mood. By contrasting nature with Puritan society, Hawthorne successfully criticizes the Puritans.In The Scarlet Letter, the forest, a symbol of freedom, is contrasted with the town in order to criticize the cruel, strict laws of the theocracy. Hawthornes use of the forest also emphasizes the Romantic aspect of the novel. The forest is considered a place of evil, where the Black Man dwells. However, Hawthorne describes the Nature of the forest as a wild, heathen Naturene ver subjugated by human law, nor illumined by higher truth (177). Even though the Puritans believe the forest is an evil place, Hawthorne depicts it as an almost holy sanctuary that contrasts with the destructive and unforgiving town. Furthermore, Hawthorne uses Dimmesdale and Hesters love to depict the forest as a place of happiness and freedom. In the forest, Hester and Dimmesdale can be alone for the first time in seven years. The two lovers unite and Hester undoes the clasp that fastens the scarlet letter, and taking it from her bosom, throws it to a distance among the withered leaves (176). Hester is defying the town and the Puritan faith by removing the scarlet letter from her bosom. She can only do this in the forest, a place free from boundaries and laws. Once again, Hawthorne uses the forest as a contrast to the strict Puritan society. This contrast is elucidated further during the scene where Pearl points out that the sunlight in the forest does not love [Hester]. It runs away and hides itself, because it is afraid of something on [Hesters] bosom (160). The scarlet letter symbolizes the laws of the town, and therefore the destructiveness of the Puritans. The sunshine in the forest, a component of nature, shuns Hester because of this letter but fills the forest with light when Hester removes the letter from her chest (177). The sunshine in the forest is shown as a symbol of happiness and holiness, where the sunshine only shines upon the good. The Puritans believe that their town is a sacred village, and that the forest is a place of evil and sin; however, Hawthorne shows the forest as a place of pureness, freedom, and happiness. Through the forest, he exploits the Puritans ignorance, once again criticizing Puritan society through the use of nature.Hawthornes final criticism of Puritanism uses nature to reveal the corruption of Puritan society. Hawthorne achieves this by revealing that the Puritan view of Pearl is unjust. The Puritans of the town scorn Pearl and think of her as an imp of evil because she is an emblem and product of sin (84). Because Pearl is the result of the sin Hester and Dimmesdale committed, the people of the town look down on her. Nevertheless, Hawthorne uses nature to transform Pearl into a sacred figure. During the sunshine episode, Pearl exclaims that Hester is not loved by the sunshine, but Pearl actually catch[es] the sunshine, and st[ands] laughing in the midst of it, all brightened by its splendor (160). The sunshine only runs from the corrupted; it does not run from Pearl, a completely pure child. This event contrasts the Puritan opinion of Pearl as an evil child who is no more than the product of a sin. Hawthorne criticizes the corruption of Puritan humanity by attacking the Puritans unjust attitude towards Pearl. Hawthorne expands on Pearls purity during the scene where Pearl sees her own reflection in the brook. Pearl is glorified with a ray of sunshine (181) and is depicted as a pure child free f rom the corruption of Puritan society. Her purity is again shown when the forest becomes the playmate of the lonely infant, as well as it knew how and it put[s] on the kindest of its moods to welcome her (178). Pearl is engulfed by the wilderness, and actually becomes part of the wild. By exalting in Pearls purity, Hawthorne draws attention to the corruption of Puritan humanity. Again, Hawthorne criticizes the Puritans humanity through nature and the purity of Pearl.In The Scarlet Letter, Hawthorne effectively criticizes Puritan society through the use of nature. Christianity, a faith commonly thought of as very forgiving, is depicted as a caustic, punishing religion. Hawthorne uses the flower of the rosebush to criticize the Puritans vicious ways, and the forest and Pearl to criticize the laws of their theocracy. Because of his effective use of nature, Hawthornes The Scarlet Letter qualifies as the work of a Romantic author.
Wednesday, May 20, 2020
How Itching Works and Why Scratching an Itch Feels Good
Humans and other animals itch for a variety of reasons. Scientists believe the underlying purpose of the annoying sensation (called pruritus) is so we can remove parasites and irritants and protect our skin. However, other things can lead to itching, including drugs, diseases, and even a psychosomatic response. Key Takeaways: Science of Itching Itching is a sensation the produces a desire to scratch. The technical name for an itch is pruritus.Itching and pain use the same unmyelinated nerve fibers in the skin, but pain causes a withdrawal reflex rather than a scratching reflex. However, itching can originate in the central nervous system as well as the peripheral nervous system (skin).Itch receptors only occur in the top two skin layers. Neuropathic itching can result from damage anywhere in the nervous system.Scratching an itch feels pleasurable because the scratch fires pain receptors, causing the brain to release the feel-good neurotransmitter serotonin. How Itching Works While drugs and disease typically stimulate itching because of a chemical response, most of the time the sensation is a result of skin irritation. Whether the irritation starts from dry skin, a parasite, an insect bite, or chemical exposure, the itch-sensing nerve fibers (called pruriceptors) become activated. Chemicals that activate the fibers may be histamine from inflammation, opioids, endorphins, or the neurotransmitters acetylcholine and serotonin. These nerve cells are a special type of C-fiber, structurally like the C-fibers that transmit pain, except they send a different signal. Only about 5% of C-fibers are pruriceptors. When stimulated, pruriceptor neurons fire a signal to the spinal cord and the brain, which stimulates a rubbing or scratching reflex. In contrast, the response to the signal from pain receptors is an avoidance reflex. Scratching or rubbing an itch stops the signal by stimulating pain receptors and touch receptors in the same region. Drugs and Diseases That Make You Itch Since the nerve fibers for itching are in the skin, it makes sense most itching starts there. Psoriasis, shingles, ringworm, and chicken pox are conditions or infections that affect the skin. However, some drugs and illnesses can cause itching without underlying skin irritation. The antimalarial drug chloroquine is known to cause severe itching as a common side effect. Morphine is another drug known to cause itching. Chronic itching can result from multiple sclerosis, certain cancers, and liver disease. The ingredient that makes peppers hot, capsaicin, can cause itching as well as pain. Why Scratching an Itch Feels Good (But Isnt) The most satisfying relief for an itch is to scratch it. When you scratch, neurons fire pain signals to your brain, which temporarily overrides the itching sensation. The feel-good neurotransmitter serotonin is released to provide relief from the pain. Essentially, your brain rewards you for scratching. However, a study conducted at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis indicates scratching ultimately intensifies the itch because serotonin binds 5HT1A receptors in the spinal cord that activate GRPR neurons that stimulate more itchiness. Blocking serotonin isnt a good solution for people suffering chronic itching because the molecule is also responsible for growth, bone metabolism, and other key processes. How to Stop Itching So, scratching an itch, while pleasurable, is not a good way to stop itching. Getting relief depends on the cause of the pruritis. If the issue is skin irritation, it may help to cleanse the area with a gentle soap and apply an unscented lotion. If inflammation is present, an antihistamine (e.g., Benadryl), calamine, or hydrocortisone may help. Most pain relievers dont diminish itchiness, but opioid antagonistsà offer relief to some people. Another option is to expose skin to sunlight or ultraviolet light (UV) therapy, apply a cold pack, or apply a few electrical zaps. If itching persists, its a good idea to see a doctor to check for underlying medical conditions or itching in response to a drug. If you absolutely cant resist the urge to scratch, try rubbing the area rather than scratching it. If all else fails, a German study indicates you can lessen itching by looking into a mirror and scratching the corresponding non-itching body part. Itching Is Contagious Are you getting itchy reading this article? If so, its a completely normal reaction. Itching, like yawning, is contagious. Doctors who treat itchy patients often find themselves scratching as well. Writing about itching leads to itchiness (trust me on this). Researchers have found people attending lectures on itching scratch themselves a lot more often than if they were learning about a different topic. There may be an evolutionary advantage to scratching when you see another person or animal do it. Its likely a good indicator you might want to check for biting insects, parasites, or irritating plants. Sources Andersen, H.H.; Elberling, J.; Arendt-Nielsen, L. (2015). Human surrogate models of histaminergic and non-histaminergic itch. Acta Dermato-Venereologica. 95 (7): 771ââ¬â7. doi:10.2340/00015555-2146Ikoma, A.; Steinhoff, M.; Stà ¤nder, S.; Yosipovitch, G.; Schmelz, M. (2006). The Neurobiology of Itch. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 7 (7): 535ââ¬â47. doi:10.1038/nrn1950
Monday, May 18, 2020
How to Fill Out the Standard Application to Private School
The Standard Application, provided by the SSAT, facilitates the process of applying to multiple private schools for grades 6 through the PG or postgraduate year by using a common application. There is a standard application online that applicants can fill out electronically. Here is a breakdown of each section of the application and how to complete it: Part One: Student Information The first section asks students information about themselves, including their educational and family background, and whether or not their family will be applying for financial aid. The application also asks if the student will require a Form I-20 or an F-1 Visa to enter the U.S. The first part of the application also asks whether the student is a legacy at the school, meaning that the studentââ¬â¢s parents, grandparents, or other relatives attended the school. Many schools offer a relative advantage to legacies in comparison to similar non-legacy students in admissions. Part Two: The Student Questionnaire The student questionnaire asks the applicant to complete the questions on his or her own in his/her own handwriting. The section begins with a number of short questions that usually ask the student to list her present activities and her plans for future activities, as well as her hobbies, interests, and awards. The student may also be asked to write about the reading she has recently enjoyed and why she liked it. This section, though short, can allow the admissions committees to understand more about the applicant, including her interests, personality, and the subjects that excite her. There is no one right ââ¬Å"answerâ⬠for this section, and itââ¬â¢s best to write honestly, as the school wants to make sure applicants are a good fit for their school. While it may be tempting for a hopeful applicant to write about her compelling interest in Homer, admissions committees can usually sense insincerity. If a student really likes ancient Greek epics, by all means, she should wri te about her interest in honest, vivid terms. However, if she is really interested in sports memoirs, itââ¬â¢s better for her to write about what she really reads and to build on this essay in her admissions interview. Remember that a student will also go through an interview and may be asked about what she wrote on her admissions essays. This section of the application also allows the student to add anything he or she would like the admissions committee to know. The studentââ¬â¢s questionnaire also requires the applicant to write a 250-500 word essay on a subject such as an experience that has had an effect on the student or a person or figure the student admires. Writing the candidate statement can be difficult for students who have never completed this type of essay before, but they can write the essay over time by first starting to brainstorm about their meaningful influences and experiences and then outlining, writing, and revising their essay in stages. The writing should be produced by the student, not by the parents, as admissions committees want to understand what the student is truly like and whether the student would be a good fit for their school. Students generally do best at schools that are right for them, and the candidate statement allows students to reveal some of their interests and personalities so the school can evaluate whether the school is the right place for them. While it is again tempting for the student to try t o appear to be what the school wants, it is best for the student to write honestly about her interests and thereby find a school thatââ¬â¢s appropriate for her. The Parentââ¬â¢s Statement The next section on the standard application is the parentââ¬â¢s statement, which asks the parent to write about the applicantââ¬â¢s interests, character, and ability to handle private school work. The application asks whether the student has had to repeat a year, withdraw from school, or has been put on probation or suspended, and it is best for the parent to explain the situations honestly. In addition, the more honest, though positive, a parent is about a student, the better chance the student will have to find a school thatââ¬â¢s a good fit. Teacher Recommendations The application concludes with forms filled out by the applicantââ¬â¢s school, including a recommendation by a school head or principal, an English teacher recommendation, a math teacher recommendation, and an academic records form. The parents sign a release and then give these forms to the school for completion.
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
I Knew a Woman by Theodore Roethke - 1110 Words
Jaimee Barbee ENGL 300 Bouton Poetry Analysis I Knew a Woman by Theodore Roethke Theodore Roethke wrote of the beauty of a woman and how she captivated a man in his poem I Knew a Woman. Roethke describes a sexual attraction radiating from the man towards the woman that eventually is explored. Who the man is to the women is never revealed but one may interpret him as someone who didn t get to spend his life with this woman but rather had a beautiful love affair with her long ago and is now reminiscing. Roethke s opening verse is arresting in it s artful refutation of the cliche about beauty being only skin deep. I knew a woman, lovely in her bones, When small birds sighed, she would sigh back at them; Ah, when sheâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Gander is a male goose while the female is referred to simply as goose. Why Roethke choose geese as a comparison to these lovers is not clear. The full lips of the stanza s second line provide succulent imagery that distracts the speaker and pulls him in. The musical references of the earlier sing in chorus may be reinforced by played, quick, light, and loose, but those words are not restricted to a single area of meaning. The final four lines of this stanza are heavy with sexual imagery. The speaker describes the woman as an instructress skilled in the art of lovemaking, blessed with beautiful legs, and rabbit-like in her enthusiasm and other -asms. The line in parentheses refers to her motion during intercourse. She moved in circles, and those circles, another reference to her breasts, moved. The concluding verse is dizzyingly philosophical and fittingly so, after all of the turning, whirling, and circling motions of the previous stanzas. Let seed be grass, and grass turn into hay: I m martyr to a motion not my own; What s freedom for? To know eternity. I swear she cast a shadow white as stone. But who could count eternity in days? These old bones live to learn her wanton ways: (I measure time by how a body sways). The reader notes the musicality of the alliterative martyr...motion...my,Show MoreRelatedI Knew A Woman By Theodore Roethke1974 Words à |à 8 Pages The poemâ⬠I Knew a Woman by Theodore Roethkeâ⬠is a very sensual poem as it illustrates in several lines about to love making. Even though, it is a poem that shows the poetââ¬â¢s extreme sense of love and remembrance for his beloved. T. Roethke describes the cherished image of the woman that he loves and admires in many ways, and thoughtful tone also describes her as ââ¬Å"lovely in her bonesâ⬠( ). He has compared her virtues with a goddess by using the phrase ââ¬Å"of whom only God could speakâ⬠( ). The dualRead MoreObligations1410 Words à |à 6 Pagesobligation? Is it defined as something that one has to do because it is necessary for their living or is it something that one has to do because someone says they have to? I would define an obligation as something that one has to do because it is necessar y for their living. What I do not understand is how one person can dodge their obligations. I see people choose to live a life where their obligations are pushed aside as if they were choices. Obligations are not choices, but yet something that needs to beRead MoreEveryday Use by Alice Walker1461 Words à |à 6 Pagesgranted. Dee makes the bold proclamation that she is not longer going by the name Dee, ââ¬Å"ââ¬ËNot Dee,ââ¬â¢ Wangero Leewanika Kemanjo!ââ¬â¢Ã¢â¬ (Walker, 3013). Not only has ââ¬Å"Wangeroâ⬠shocked her mother with her new name, but goes to attack those her family history, ââ¬Å"I could not longer bear it any longer, being named after the people who oppressed me.â⬠The author make a substantial point by connecting Deeââ¬â¢s new beliefs to disowning her heritage and her ancestors. Despite the rejection of her familyââ¬â¢s humbled lifeRead More`` Gold Glade `` And The Love Song Of J. Alfred Prufrock1811 Words à |à 8 Pagespower and confidence when it came to making decisions and dating. T.S Eliot conspicuously introduced a complex interpretation of a simple concept and sentiment. In Theodore Roethkeââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"The Light Comes Brighterâ⬠, a familiar sense of clarity showed the upcoming change in seasons. By shifting into a new season as the poem proceeded, Roethke helped convey his thoughts and stance on the influence of nature in human culture. His peculiar word choice brought forth a new and interesting perspective on the
Why Do Anthropologists Study Gift Giving - 1682 Words
Why study Gifts? The anthropology of gifts has been mostly studied in the context of non-Western cultures. The important roles of gift giving were highlighted by classical anthropologists such as Malinowski, Mauss and Levi-Strauss. They stressed the significance of reciprocity and obligation suggested in gift exchange and that gift giving is a one practice of material expression that integrates a society. Gift giving is essential to the studies of many anthropological debates such as sociability, alienation, sacrifice, religion and kinship. The anthropology of gifts is also crucial to economics. Entire businesses and industries rely on gift giving as it helps understand the relationships in economy as a cultural system that is not justâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦from friends and charities, and as such I personally believe there is no such thing as a free gift. Reciprocity is very important in Pakistani communities. As covered in A. Shawââ¬â¢s ââ¬ËA Pakistani Community in Britain,ââ¬â¢ the term lena-dena literally means ââ¬Ëtaking and givingââ¬â¢ and itself implies the obligation of exchange. In Pakistani communities, the receiver will write a note of what they were given so they can return a similar gift. However, the returned gift must be worth slightly more. The idea is not to close the debt, but to create a further one and continue the relationship; this is how a lena-dena is inherited. Similar to a Kula partner, a lena-dena partner can be anybody in the Pakistani community that you wish to have a bond with, indeed even an English woman that may have married into the family. As gifts are given on occasions such as birthdays, dinner parties etc, the gift exchange can occur over a long period of time. Religious events, such as khatmi-Qurââ¬â¢an also calls for an occasion of lena-dena, as well as weddings, in which the brideââ¬â¢s family can expect all of their gifts to be in return of gifts given in lena-dena. There is also an amount of prestige involved; the gifts received in a wedding are displayed in a ledger for guests to look through to indicate the familyââ¬â¢s standing among its friends andShow MoreRelatedEating Christmas in the Kalahari906 Words à |à 4 PagesThe sources of cultural misunderstanding made by the anthropologists in the readings from Spradley and McCurdy are affected by many factors including naive realism, culture shock and fully understanding what is culturally and ethically appropriate. Naive realism is the belief that people see the world in the same way, and culture shock is a condition of confusion and feelings of loneliness and anxiety experienced by someone suddenly entering a new culture. Eating Christmas in the KalahariRead MoreWhat Makes Gift Exchange?1441 Words à |à 6 PagesSchieffelin describes gift exchange as a ââ¬Ërhetorical gesture in social communicationââ¬â¢, it can be used as a method of solidifying, integrating and defini ng social relationships through the non-market exchange of goods, it is a social, cultural and economic experience. This ritual creates a respectful bond between both the giver and receiver. Previously gift exchange was considered more of a cultural tradition and religious practice, however contemporary gift exchange does not commemorate the ritualsââ¬â¢Read MoreChristmas in Kalahari Essay843 Words à |à 4 PagesKalahariâ⬠by anthropologist Richard Lee demonstrates many more concepts in sociology. In the article Lee is doing fieldwork in the Kalahari desert observing the hunting and gathering practices among the !Kung (Ju/ââ¬â¢hoansi). Lee experiences many times of cultural misunderstandings related to naà ¯ve realism, cultural shock, and also not fully understanding what is culturally and ethically appropriate. He learns a very valuable lesson when, in his eyes, has a perfect idea for an appreciation gift to the JuRead MoreANTH 1120 Midterm Exam Review2818 Words à | à 12 Pagesmoral judgements about the beliefs and behaviours of members of other cultures. Armchair Anthropology: An approach to the study of various societies that dominated anthropology in the late 1800s. It involved the collection, study, and analysis of the writings of missionaries, explorers, and colonists who had sustained contact with non-Western peoples. Armchair anthropologists used these documents to make comparisons and generalisations about the ways of life of various groups. Participant Observation:Read MoreNanda and Warms, Bodley, Lee Study Guide1662 Words à |à 7 Pagesmembers of a group. - Almost all behavior is learned - Cultural norms and values are shared by people - All Cultures change Pidgin English- A simplified language that develops as a means of communication between two or more groups of people that do not have a language in common. (Masta- John Marshall, Bird- Airplane) - Pidgins develop when people who speak different languages come together. Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis- The language we speak affects the way we think. It plays a critical role inRead MoreArgumentative Essay1310 Words à |à 6 Pagesare oblivious to the health risks their baby may endure having not being breastfed. Research and studies show that babies who are breastfed have better health among other things if they are breastfed. To add to that, formula companies tend to obscure the truth and bribe the doctors in to promoting their product. This essay aims to investigate these issues and address the matter at hand by stating why it is a much better choice to breastfeed a baby. As I mentioned above, whether or not a womenRead MoreStone Age Economics3773 Words à |à 16 Pages ââ¬Å"If economics is the dismal science, the study of hunting and gathering economies must be its most advanced branchâ⬠(Sahlins 1972: 1). Stone Age Economics is one of the well-known books in the subfield of economic anthropology provided by an American cultural anthropologist, Marshall Sahlins. This book is a slight representation in the literature dealing with ââ¬Ëprimitiveââ¬â¢ or ââ¬Ëtribalââ¬â¢ economic life. This book consists of a series of chapters that lacks a proper conclusion of Sahlins discoveriesRead More The Effect of Money on Frequency of Divorce Essay2184 Words à |à 9 Pagesstate that anthropologists have offered little in the way of trustworthy, universal explanations for divorce. The differences in cultures, traditions, and practices among societies make it almost impossible to offer general explanations for family instability. The widely held belief is that when a significant amount of money or property is exchanged, the marriage is more stable. This belief is supported by Minturn et al. (1969: 308) findings that absence of bride price, dowry, and gift exchange atRead MoreCultural Mat thew M. Le Claire Essay2212 Words à |à 9 PagesThough anthropologists and sociologists have found support for the existence of cultural universals, the idea of these universal aspects of culture still draw criticism from critical and postmodern scholars and by individuals who ascertain cultural universals are in a natural state of opposition with cultural relativism. Framework The idea of cultural universals is rooted in positivist traditions of biology and psychology, as well as structural functionalism. While comparative studies of cultureRead MoreTrobriand Islanders-Malinowski and Weiner10855 Words à |à 44 PagesTrobriand and anthropological culture. But such history is often alluded to in order to deny its consequencesââ¬âin order to stress constancy rather than change. For instance, Weiner presents a genealogy of Trobriand high-ranking male informants and anthropologists, which links her good friend and valued informant Vanoi (1976, xvii) with the past. Standing in front of Vanois house gave me a sense of both anthropological and Trobriand history. In the ground, ten yards in front of Vanois house, lies a stone
Leadership Limits and Context Possibilities â⬠MyAssignmenthelp.com
Question: Discuss about the Leadership Limits and Context Possibilities. Answer: Introduction: The subject experience has been an invaluable resource for me as far as the development of my leadership skills is concerned. Although just like any other person, I have always had the wish to become a leader, I was barely aware of the skills and competencies that help one to fulfil his dream of becoming a leader. I have always believed that anybody can be leader, provided he has the ability to boss over and dominate people, and yet the self-assessment activities have altered my perception of a leader. By undertaking the tests, I have realized that the honesty, integrity, confidence, communication skills as well as reflective skills are integral features characterizing a leader. The self-assessment tests have been very effective as these tests have enlightened me how I can be an effective leader, given my effective communication skill, positive attitude, high score of emotional intelligence and a positive attitude towards the problem. On the other hand, this has also made me aware th at my listening skills and perseverance are not high, and require improvement, if I wish to be a leader. So, the subject experience has also been a very enlightening experience for me. This subject experience has especially been an important experience for me, as it helped me gain insight into the skills of leadership that I possess, and also the skills that I currently do not possess, and should work on, if I wish to be a leader in future. I have usually been content with my communication skills, and have never realized that my patience, listening skills as well as analytical skills have to be strong, if I wish to be a leader. This experience has provided me an insight into the skills and basic competencies that I need to develop if I really wish to realize my potential of becoming a leader to the fullest. This is why I consider this experience to be highly educative and informative, that has enlightened me on my weak areas, while also encouraging me to enhance and groom my profess ional skills, to prosper in future. I believe that I have always been a leader, and most of the leadership skills were innate in me. However, I required someone to motivate and encourage me to pursue my dream of becoming a leader in future. As per my opinion, the breadth of knowledge about the leadership traits and basic competencies, that I got exposed to, during the course has enriched my knowledge and has stimulated me to pursue my dream of becoming a leader in future. The greatest benefit of this experience has been that it has helped in changing my mindset about and my attitude towards the concept of leadership. I have always had a one-dimensional knowledge about the concept of a leader. However, this course has helped me consider the concept of leadership from various perspectives, such as for the first time, I became aware of the cross-cultural communication skills expected of an effective leader. I realized that a leader should not only be assertive and vocal with his subordinates, but also be patient enough to deal with diverse group of employees. This is exactly the reason why I would claim that my experience in the leadership course has been paramount to my ability to redefine the concept of leadership in a new light. I would like to state here that prior to undertaking the discussion sessions on the leadership classes, I was always inclined to think that a leader is needed to be bossy and his forthcoming attitude coupled with his commanding attitude will suffice to make him an effective leader. However, the discussion sessions have rectified my misconception, as I learnt that many budding leaders fail to realize their dreams, simply because they fail to be self-motivated and self-aware, accounting for their risk-averse nature that ultimately leads to their failure. After the completion of my discussion, I became aware that it is not sufficient to dominate others, but I must myself also be confident, driven and passionate, that will motivate my subordinates to work harder. I would like to mention that I did not have any prior experience of assuming a leadership role, nor have I ever encountered any person who has assumed leadership responsibility in life. Quite naturally, I was ignorant of the nature of an ideal leader. However, the subject learning, for the first time, has provided me with sufficient knowledge that has developed and improved my understanding of what a leader should be, and what should be his ideal skills. I have realized the importance of additional skills such as effective communication, collaboration, creativity as well as motivating and persuasive skills that are to be inculcated, if one wishes to become a leader. In future, the knowledge gained through this activity, will be of invaluable help in embracing leadership role. Since I have become aware of my strengths as well as my areas of development, I would be able to brush up and enhance my skills accordingly. I will be able to enrol myself in respective training courses and seminars that can help me become a confident, productive and efficient leader in future. However, an individual often has the hidden potential to become a leader, and yet he remains aware of his opportunities or desires to translate his dream into reality. The min mapping sessions in class have largely helped me what I want, as well as identify my strength and areas of weakness that I can work on. The learning sessions have also provided a highly enlightening experience to me as they offered specific and practical strategies that can help me influence my subordinates and get my job done, in future as a manager. I wish to become a Bank Manager in future, and would require to apply the leadership skills in future. I would require applying the knowledge I learned here to exercise my authority at the workplace, and to ensure that the financial objectives are accomplished in the year end. Before undertaking this subject learning session, I was a believer in Authoritarian leadership style. However, this session has helped me become more aware of the importance of the Transformational style of leadership. I have decided that I will apply my knowledge in order to become a transformational leader who will uphold the Participative leadership style at workplace. I will not merely boss over my subordinates, but will rather encourage my subordinates to participate in the meetings, communicate any issue to me, or voice any opinion or suggestion, if they wish to voice. In most of the banking sectors, the Autocratic style of leadership is being followed which is often the reason behind lack of employee eng agement and high employee turnover rates. Hence, I wish to apply my knowledge regarding the benefits of Transformational leadership in my organization, so that it can be used for motivating employees as well as increasing their engagement level within the organization. I believe that it is not sufficient to acquire knowledge, but it is equally important to share the same so that the employees can share and exchange tacit and explicit knowledge in order to work more effectively in future. Since knowledge sharing is a critical team process, and leads to organizational success, I wish to share the acquired knowledge regarding basic leadership tactics and traits with my team mates and subordinates. I wish to become a Bank Manager in future, and consequently I will require assuming leadership role that in itself will provide me adequate learning opportunities in life. While the application of my learnt time-tested knowledge about leadership traits and strategies will mostly prove to be effective, there will still be areas where I will be challenged, and will get to explore new aspects of an ideal leader. Our Guest Spwaker during Week 12, Mr. Bryne had emphasized the importance of continually grooming and developing ones professional skills so as to stay relevant in the job market. Although this subject learning module has already helped me develop my leadership skills, I wish to enhance my interpersonal communication and listening skills, by enrolling myself in a training course for a month. Since I found my reflective skills to be lacking as well, I have decided to attend a couple of conferences and seminars in this regard as well. I believe it is not sufficient to train and pr ofessionally develop my leadership skills, but it is equally important to ensure that I am able to evaluate the effectiveness of such development programs on me. Hence, after attending the seminars, I will again take up leadership personality tests so as to understand if my skills have improved at all or not, and so that I can devote some time to introspectively think about the flaws and areas of concern. After the successful completion of this subject, my approach to leadership has complete changed. I have realized that I have always believed that leadership is all about a trait or the personality of a person. However, this subject has taught me leadership is not just a trait, it is an attitude towards work and co-workers, and life at large. Leadership is not defined by what kind of a person an individual is, or how authoritarian he is, but how he possesses and believes in larger than life visions, and how he learns to persevere to accomplish that vision in life. Earlier I believed in a more autocratic leadership style, and my approach towards an ideal leader was rather one-dimensional. However, after the completion of this subject, I have realized that transformational or participative style of leadership is far more effective as it helps in getting the work done, without the loss of staff morale. I have also learnt that a leader is not one who tries t dominate and control others, b ut rather who establishes his superiority through his dedication to the task at hand, ability to influence and motivate his staffs and faith in the realization of his vision. Reference List: Clawson, J.G. (2012). The REB model. In level three Leadership: Getting below the surface. (5th edition). Upper Saddle river, NJ: Pearson education, Inc. Custom Publication (2016) BX3174 Leadership and Management Readings. Brisbane: Pearson. Endrissat, N., Von Arx, W. (2013). Leadership practices and context: two sides of same coin. 9(2), 278-304). Retrieved from https://lea.sagepub.com.elibrary.jcu.edu.au/content/9/2/278 Grint, K. (2005). Leadership limits and possibilities. New York: Palgrave Macmillan https://learnjcu.jcu.edu.au/webapps/blackboard/content/listContent.jsp? course_id=_76983_1content_id=_2363215_1 Murray, P. (2016). BX3174: Management and leadership. (Power point slides). Week 1 to 13. Retrieved from: Raelin, J. (2011). From leadership as practice to leaderful practice. 7(2), 195-251. Retrieved from:https://learnjcu.jcu.edu.au/bbcswebdav/pid-2363287-dt-content-rid-4074510_1/courses/16-BX3174-TSV-INT-SP2/From%20leadership-as-practice.pdf
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